Scenario I The Following Scenario Presents Fabricated Data Consistent with the Results

question 4

Multiple Choice

Scenario I
The following scenario presents fabricated data consistent with the results of the following study:
Gilbertson, M. W., Shenton, M. E., Ciszewski, A., Kasai, K., Lasko, N .B., Orr, S. P., & Pitman, R. K. (2002) . Smaller hippocampal volume predicts pathologic vulnerability to psychological trauma. Nature Neuroscience, 5, 1242-1247.
Persons who live through a traumatic experience may develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) . PTSD is characterized by chronic physiological arousal, recurrent unwanted thoughts or images, and avoidance of things that bring the trauma to mind, with symptoms persisting for more than one month. Persons with PTSD also are at risk for other psychological disorders, with substance abuse disorder being a common comorbid diagnosis. In the last two decades, a number of studies have demonstrated that persons with PTSD have smaller hippocampi than controls. This may result from the neurotoxic effects of stress hormones examined the hippocampal volume of combat veterans with and without PTSD who each had an identical twin who never served in the military. Fabricated results consistent with this study are shown in Figure 15.1.
Figure 15.1
-(Scenario I) Which of these BEST distinguishes PTSD from a normal reaction to a traumatic event?

• A)the release of stress hormones triggered by the trauma
• B)recurrent unwanted thoughts about the trauma
• C)exaggerated anxiety when reminded of the trauma
• D)symptom-related distress that does not lessen with time

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Definitions:

Ineffective Sexuality Pattern

A state where an individual experiences dissatisfaction or difficulties in their sexual life or in expressing their sexuality.

Sexual Dysfunction

A problem occurring during any phase of the sexual response cycle that prevents the individual or couple from experiencing satisfaction from sexual activity.

Myocardial Infarction

A medical emergency where blood flow to the heart is blocked, commonly known as a heart attack, leading to heart muscle damage or death.

Achieving Orgasm

The peak of sexual excitement, characterized by intense pleasure and accompanied by a series of rhythmic contractions in the genital area.