Four Participants Sign Up for an Experiment Examining the Effects

question 37

Multiple Choice

Four participants sign up for an experiment examining the effects of alcohol on sociability. One participant is given an alcoholic beverage to drink and is told that it is alcohol. A second participant is given an alcoholic beverage to drink but told that it is nonalcoholic. A third drinks a nonalcoholic beverage but is told that it contains alcohol, and a fourth is given a nonalcoholic beverage and is told that it is nonalcoholic. Suppose that the effects of alcohol on sociability were entirely due to the alcohol and had nothing to do with expectancies. Which participant(s) would behave more socially after drinking?

• A)Participant 2 only
• B)Participant 3 only
• C)Participants 1 and 3
• D)Participants 1 and 2

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Definitions:

Efficiency

The degree to which resources are used optimally to produce goods and services, minimizing waste and maximizing output.

Equality

The state of being equal, especially in status, rights, and opportunities, often pursued as an economic and social policy objective.

Scarce Resources

Resources that are limited in availability and are used to produce goods and services, leading to the necessity of making choices about their allocation.

Efficiency

The effectiveness with which resources are used to produce goods and services, achieving the highest output with the lowest input.