Scenario II Scenario II Is Based on and Presents Fabricated Data Consistent

question 5

Multiple Choice

Scenario II
Scenario II is based on and presents fabricated data consistent with the following study:
MacDonald, S., Uesiliana, K., & Hayne, H. (2000) . Cross-cultural and gender differences in childhood amnesia. Memory, 8(6) , 365-376. doi:10.1080/09658210050156822
MacDonald and colleagues (2000) investigated cultural and gender influences on the age and quality of first childhood memories. Specifically, they interviewed males and females from three cultures-Asian, Pakeha, and Maori-and asked them to describe their earliest childhood memory in as much detail as possible. The researchers recorded the age of the earliest memory and also quantified the total amount of information given in the memory description. Figure 1.2A shows the number of participants reporting their first memory as a function of age not separated by gender or culture. Figure 1.2B shows the mean age of the first memory as a function of gender and culture, and Figure 1.2C shows the mean total information present in that memory as a function of gender and culture.
Figure 1.2A (left) , Figure 1.2B (middle) , and 1.2C (right)
-(Scenario II) A participant reports that his or her first memory is from the age of 6. In the absence of any other information, the BEST conclusion that can be reached is:

• A)the person is more likely to be male than female.
• B)the person is more likely to be Maori than Pakeha.
• C)of the six combinations of gender and culture, the person is most likely to be an Asian female.
• D)of the six combinations of gender and culture, the person is most likely to be a Maori female.

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Definitions:

Sedation

The process of using medication to relax, calm, or induce sleep in an individual, often used in medical procedures.

Coca Plants

Plants native to South America, the leaves of which are used in the manufacture of cocaine.

Cocaine

A powerful stimulant drug derived from the leaves of the coca plant, often used recreationally for its euphoric effects.

Methamphetamine

A powerful, highly addictive stimulant drug that affects the central nervous system, leading to increased activity, decreased appetite, and a sense of euphoria.