Based on Most of the Existing Research, Which Assertion Is

question 55

Multiple Choice

Based on most of the existing research, which assertion is a true statement about the effect of cultural values on moral reasoning and prosocial moral reasoning?

• A) The stages of moral reasoning and prosocial moral reasoning are universal, and individuals in all cultures progress through the stages at similar rates and eventually mature to the same level.
• B) Individuals in different cultures progress through the stages of moral reasoning and prosocial moral reasoning at different rates, but individuals in all cultures eventually mature to the same level.
• C) The pattern of changes in moral reasoning and prosocial moral reasoning in childhood appear to be similar across a variety of cultures, but individuals in all cultures do not always reach the same level.
• D) Moral reasoning and prosocial moral reasoning vary to a great extent across cultures, including the pattern of developmental changes in early childhood.

Differentiate between the central and peripheral routes to persuasion and identify factors influencing route selection.

Explain the psychological reactance theory and its relevance to freedom and behavioral reactions.

Describe the characteristics of promotion and prevention focus and their impact on motivation and behavior.

Identify the role of need for cognition in information processing and persuasion.

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Definitions:

Therapeutic Alliance

The collaborative and trusting relationship between a therapist and their client, crucial for effective therapy.

Personal Desires

Refers to individual wants or cravings that motivate behavior towards a goal or satisfaction.

Individualism

A principle valuing the independence and self-reliance of an individual, often emphasizing personal freedom and autonomy over collective or communal goals.

Light Therapy

A treatment for seasonal affective disorder (SAD) and certain other conditions by exposure to artificial light.