Dr Spock Is Interested in Examining Genetic and Environmental Influences

question 170

Multiple Choice

Dr. Spock is interested in examining genetic and environmental influences on enjoyment of reading. She has decided to include fraternal twins in her study. If she finds that the correlation between fraternal twins on enjoyment of reading is higher than the correlation between _____ on this measure, then she has evidence for the influence of _____.

• A) identical twins; environment and genetics
• B) nontwin siblings; environment and genetics
• C) fraternal twins reared apart; environment
• D) identical twins reared apart; genetics

Identify assumptions underlying common logical fallacies such as the False Dilemma and Gambler's Fallacy.

Understand the importance of data collection methods in research evaluation.

Define and recognize examples of post hoc and other logical fallacies.

Distinguish between valid arguments and those based on fallacious reasoning.

---

Definitions:

Marginal Social Benefit

The additional benefit to society as a whole from one more unit of a good or service being consumed.

Marginal Private Benefit

The additional benefit or satisfaction received by a consumer or producer from consuming or producing one more unit of a good or service.

Marginal Social Cost

The total cost to society of producing an additional unit of a good or service, including both private costs and any externalities.

Nonexcludable

A characteristic of public goods where it is not possible to prevent individuals from using the good or service, regardless of whether they have paid for it.