Imagine That Researchers Interested in the Possible Bidirectional Influence of Children's

question 108

Multiple Choice

Imagine that researchers interested in the possible bidirectional influence of children's aggression and parental use of punitive discipline examined these two variables when a group of children was at each of three ages: 4 years, 8 years, and 12 years. Which finding would be the BEST support for the bidirectional influence of these variables?

• A) Greater punitive discipline at age 4 was associated with greater punitive discipline at age 8, which was associated with greater aggression at age 12.
• B) Greater aggression at age 4 was associated with greater punitive discipline at age 8, which was associated with greater aggression at age 12.
• C) Greater aggression at age 4 was associated with greater aggression at age 8, which was associated with greater punitive discipline at age 12.
• D) Less punitive discipline at age 4 was associated with greater aggression at age 8, which was associated with greater aggression at age 12.

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Definitions:

Stereotyping

The act of assigning specific attributes to an individual or group based on perceived characteristics of the group they belong to, often oversimplifying complex diversities.

Deductive Reasoning

A reasoning method where an inference is drawn from the agreement of several assumptions which are typically believed to be accurate.

Halo Effect

A cognitive bias where one's overall impression of a person influences how one feels and thinks about their character or properties.

Creative Thinking

The ability to think in unique, novel, and original ways in order to solve problems or generate new ideas.