Indicate How Each Event Affects the Elements of Financial Statements $$\text { Increase } = \mathrm { I } \quad \text { Decrease } = \mathrm { D } \quad \text { No Effect } = \mathrm { N }$$

question 5

Short Answer

Indicate how each event affects the elements of financial statements. Use the following letters to record your answer in the box shown below each element. You do not need to enter amounts. $$\text { Increase } = \mathrm { I } \quad \text { Decrease } = \mathrm { D } \quad \text { No Effect } = \mathrm { N }$$
On January 1, 2014, Washta Company issued a long-term note. The note required an annual payment that included a reduction in the principal balance and the payment of interest. Show how the issuance of the note affected the financial statements. $\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|l|l|}\text { Assets Liabilities } & \text { Equity } & \text { Revenues } & \text { Expenses } & \begin{array}{c}\text { Net } \\\text { Income }\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}\text { Cash } \\\text { Flow }\end{array}\\\hline&&&\end{array}$

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Definitions:

Variable Costing

An accounting method that only considers variable costs (costs that change with production levels) in determining product cost, excluding fixed costs.

Gross Margin

A company's total sales revenue minus its cost of goods sold, divided by the total sales revenue, expressed as a percentage. It indicates the efficiency with which a company uses its materials and labor to produce and sell products profitably.

Absorption Costing

A costing method that includes all manufacturing costs - direct materials, direct labor, and both variable and fixed overhead - in the cost of a product.

Manufacturing Margin

The difference between the sales revenue generated from manufactured goods and the cost of goods sold (COGS) associated with producing those goods.