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Assume that a consumer purchases only two products. Suppose that the consumer's money income doubles, and the prices of the two products also double. These changes in income and prices will result in:
P-value
The probability of observing test results at least as extreme as the results actually observed, under the assumption that the null hypothesis is correct.
Level of Significance
The probability of making a Type I error in hypothesis testing, serving as a critical value for deciding whether to reject the null hypothesis.
P-value
The p-value is a measure of the probability of observing results at least as extreme as those measured when the null hypothesis of a study is true.
Correct Decision
A decision made in statistical hypothesis testing that accurately reflects the true state of the world.
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