Four-Year-Old Heather Is Repeatedly Questioned About an Incident on the Playground

question 11

Multiple Choice

Four-year-old Heather is repeatedly questioned about an incident on the playground where a stranger approached her. She is likely to

• A) have no memory of the incident.
• B) confuse what really happened with what others suggest may have happened.
• C) clearly differentiate between what really happened and what others suggest may have happened.
• D) believe that adult questioners are deliberately trying to confuse her when they suggest something other than what she reported may actually have happened.

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Definitions:

Probabilities

Probabilities measure the likelihood or chance of a specific outcome or event occurring.

Z

Often referred to as the Z-score, which is a statistical measure that describes a value's relationship to the mean of a group of values.

Normal Probability Distribution

A statistical function that describes all the possible values and likelihoods that a random variable can take within a given range, characterized by its bell-shaped curve, symmetric about the mean.

Standard Deviation

A statistical metric that quantifies the dispersion or variability of a dataset relative to its mean.