Twin Studies

question 107

Multiple Choice

Twin studies

• A) cannot be used to study polygenic traits such as intelligence.
• B) are based on the assumption that monozygotic twins are not more similar genetically than dizygotic twins.
• C) are based on the assumption that heredity influences a trait if identical twins are more alike than fraternal twins.
• D) often underestimate the influence of heredity because identical twins may have more similar environments than fraternal twins.

Identify and differentiate between key sociological theories including control theory, differential association theory, strain theory, and social learning theory.

Analyze the role of societal bonding in preventing or facilitating deviance, according to Hirschi's theory.

Evaluate the process and impact of differential reinforcement on deviant behavior.

Recognize the significance of shaming in the social response to deviance.

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Definitions:

Sulfur Oxides

Compounds formed from the combination of sulfur and oxygen, often produced by burning fossil fuels, and are significant contributors to pollution and acid rain.

Nitrous Oxides

A group of gases that include nitrogen dioxide and nitric oxide, which are significant atmospheric pollutants contributing to the greenhouse effect and depletion of the ozone layer.

Global Warming

The long-term rise in Earth's average surface temperature due to greenhouse gas emissions and human activities.

Ozone Depletion

The reduction of the ozone layer in the Earth's atmosphere due to the release of chemical compounds containing gaseous bromine or chlorine from industry and other human activities.