In a Correlational Study

question 3

Multiple Choice

In a correlational study

• A) factors are manipulated to determine whether they are related.
• B) it is possible to determine whether there is a causal relationship between two variables.
• C) it is possible to determine whether two variables are related, but not whether there is a causal relationship between the variables.
• D) there is an independent variable and a dependent variable.

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Definitions:

Punishment by Removal

Punishment by removal involves decreasing the likelihood of a behavior by removing a desirable stimulus following the behavior.

Negative Reinforcement

A behavioral psychology concept where a response or behavior is strengthened by stopping, removing, or avoiding a negative outcome or aversive stimulus.

Probability of Response

A measure of the likelihood that a specific behavior will occur in response to a given stimulus.

Fixed Ratio Schedule

A schedule of reinforcement where a response is reinforced only after a specified number of responses.