Answer the Following Questions

question 58

Multiple Choice

Answer the following questions:
-Fourteen Points

• A)The alliance of Austria, Germany, and Italy. Italy left the alliance when war broke out in 1914 on the grounds that Austria had launched a war of aggression.
• B)Peace treaty signed in March 1918 between the Central Powers and Russia that ended Russian participation in World War I and ceded Russian territories containing one-third of the Russian Empire's population to the Central Powers.
• C)A type of fighting used in World War I behind rows of trenches, mines, and barbed wire; the cost in lives was staggering and the gains in territory minimal.
• D)Woodrow Wilson's 1918 peace proposal calling for open diplomacy, a reduction in armaments, freedom of commerce and trade, the establishment of the League of Nations, and national self-determination.
• E)A war in which distinctions between the soldiers on the battlefield and civilians at home are blurred, and where the government plans and controls economic social life in order to supply the armies at the front with supplies and weapons.
• F)An article in the Treaty of Versailles declaring that Germany (with Austria) was solely responsible for the war and had to pay reparations equal to all civilian damages caused by the fighting.
• G)A huge, fluctuating mass meeting of two thousand to three thousand workers, soldiers, and socialist intellectuals modeled on the revolutionary soviets of 1905.
• H)A permanent international organization, established during the 1919 Paris peace conference, designed to protect member states from aggression and avert future wars.
• I)The application of centralized state control during the Russian civil war, in which the Bolsheviks seized grain from peasants, introduced rationing, nationalized all banks and industry, and required everyone to work.
• J)The 1919 peace settlement that ended war between Germany and the Allied powers.
• K)A 1917 British statement that declared British support of a National Home for the Jewish People in Palestine.
• L)The notion that peoples should be able to choose their own national governments through democratic majority-rule elections and live free from outside interference in nation-states with clearly defined borders.
• M)The alliance of Great Britain, France, and Russia prior to and during the First World War.
• N)Failed German plan calling for a lightning attack through neutral Belgium and a quick defeat of France before turning on Russia.
• O)Unplanned uprisings accompanied by violent street demonstrations begun in March 1917 (old calendar February) in Petrograd, Russia, that led to the abdication of the tsar and the establishment of a provisional government.
• P)Vladimir Lenin's radical, revolutionary arm of the Russian party of Marxist socialism, which successfully installed a dictatorial socialist regime in Russia.

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Definitions:

Power Elite

A concept that refers to a small group of powerful people who hold a disproportionate amount of wealth, privilege, political power, or influence in society.

Autonomous State

A concept in political theory in which the state is seen as having its own interests and the capacity to act independently of external pressures.

Emotional Labor

Work that is explicitly intended to produce a desired state of mind in a client.

Mental Labor

Involves cognitive work, such as problem-solving, planning, and decision-making, which is often contrasted with physical labor.