How Did the Ottoman Empire's Efforts at Reform in the Latter

question 68

Multiple Choice

How did the Ottoman Empire's efforts at reform in the latter half of the nineteenth century undermine the empire's stability?

• A)The reforms created equality before the law for all citizens, which increased religious disputes and split Muslims into secularist and traditionalist camps.
• B)The reforms undermined the position of the Ottoman nobility by emphasizing industrialization over agricultural concerns.
• C)The reforms undermined the growth of nationalism, which the Ottomans had planned to use as the basis of political loyalty and social stability.
• D)The reforms permitted each region of the empire to establish its own laws, which destroyed the coherence of the empire as a whole.

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Definitions:

Marginal Rate

The rate at which one quantity changes with respect to a change in another quantity, often used in the context of tax or interest.

Substitution

In economics, the process by which a good or service is replaced with another due to changes in price, preferences, or availability.

Indifference Curves

Graphical representations of different bundles of goods between which a consumer is indifferent, showing preferences over commodities.

Indifference Curves

Graphical representations in microeconomic theory depicting combinations of two goods between which a consumer is indifferent because they provide equal utility.