Which Method of Processing Does Not Use the Destructive Update

question 101

Multiple Choice

Which method of processing does not use the destructive update approach?

• A) batch processing using direct access files
• B) real-time processing
• C) batch processing using sequential files
• D) all of the above use the destructive update approach

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Definitions:

Investment Company

An entity, either a corporation or trust, that specializes in gathering and investing collective funds from investors into financial securities.

Portfolio

A collection of financial investments like stocks, bonds, commodities, cash, and cash equivalents, including mutual funds and ETFs, held by an individual or an institution.

Risk Aversion

The preference to avoid uncertainty and potential loss in investment decisions, favoring safer or less volatile investments.

Historical Standard Deviation

It measures the variability or dispersion of historical returns of an investment around its average return over a certain period, indicating the investment's risk level.