The Characteristic Equation Of $A = \left( \begin{array} { l l } 2 & 2 \\1 & 1\end{array} \right)$

question 11

Multiple Choice

The characteristic equation of $A = \left( \begin{array} { l l } 2 & 2 \\1 & 1\end{array} \right)$ is

• A) \(\lambda ^ { 2 } + 3 \lambda - 4 = 0\)
• B) \(\lambda ^ { 2 } + 3 \lambda + 4 = 0\)
• C) \(\lambda ^ { 2 } - 3 \lambda = 0\)
• D) \(\lambda ^ { 2 } + 3 \lambda = 0\)
• E) \(\lambda ^ { 2 } - 3 \lambda - 4 = 0\)

Distinguish between primary and secondary reinforcers and their roles in reinforcement.

Explain the effect of delayed reinforcement on behavior.

Understand the role of reinforcement in the law of effect and behavior repetition.

Understand the principles of operant learning, including reinforcement and punishment.

---

Definitions:

Horseplay

Rough or rowdy play or pranks that often involve physical activity without any intent to cause harm.

Nuclear

Pertaining to the nucleus of an atom or to energy produced by nuclear reactions, as well as relating to the core or central part of something.

Extended

Something that is made longer, further reaching, or more comprehensive than originally.

Polygynous

A mating system where a male has more than one female mate at the same time.