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The Gills of Fish Employ a Countercurrent Exchange Mechanism to Ensure

question 11

Essay

The gills of fish employ a countercurrent exchange mechanism to ensure that O2 is efficiently extracted from the water. Describe how the countercurrent exchange works.


Definitions:

Sodium

A soft, silvery-white, highly reactive metal that is found in many salts, essential for nerve and muscle function in the human body.

Moles

The SI unit that measures the amount of substance, defined as containing exactly 6.02214076×10^23 particles, such as atoms or molecules.

Stoichiometry

The calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on the conservation of mass.

Chemical Reactions

Processes in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products.

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