Snakes, Which Lack Limbs, Evolved from Vertebrates That Had Legs

question 122

Multiple Choice

Snakes, which lack limbs, evolved from vertebrates that had legs. This is an example of

• A) convergent evolution.
• B) an evolutionary reversal.
• C) a synapomorphy.
• D) a homology.
• E) None of the above

Acknowledge the role of the examiner's skill in the accuracy and usefulness of projective tests.

Understand Freud's concepts of libido, id, ego, and superego in personality theory.

Recognize the role of traits and internal conditions (like optimism) in personality and behavior.

Appreciate the diversity in personality theories (trait, psychodynamic, cognitive-social) and their approaches to assessment.

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Definitions:

External Stimuli

External factors or conditions that can influence the behavior or responses of an organism or system.

Consciousness

The awareness of one's own existence, sensations, thoughts, surroundings, and the environment, reflecting the level of mental alertness and cognitive activity.

Sleep Deprivation

The condition of not having enough sleep, which can impair cognitive function, mood, and physical health.

Serotonin

A chemical messenger vital for regulating mood, digestion, sleep, and various bodily activities.