What Ionizes the Gas in a Planetary Nebula and Makes

question 5

Multiple Choice

What ionizes the gas in a planetary nebula and makes it visible?

• A) X-ray photons emitted by a pulsar
• B) Ultraviolet photons emitted by a white dwarf
• C) The shock wave from a supernova
• D) Hydrogen burning in the nebular gas

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Definitions:

Operant Conditioning

An engagement strategy in education where the robustness of a behavior is regulated through reinforcement or punitive measures.

Group Polarization

The tendency for a group's prevailing opinions to become more extreme following group discussions.

Erikson's Stages

A theory of psychosocial development delineating eight stages that an individual passes through from infancy to late adulthood, each characterized by a different psychological conflict.

Intimacy vs. Isolation

A stage in Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development focusing on young adults' struggle to form meaningful, close relationships versus experiencing loneliness and isolation.