When Astronomers Began Searching for Extra-Solar Planets,they Were Surprised to Discover

question 35

Multiple Choice

When astronomers began searching for extra-solar planets,they were surprised to discover Jupiter-sized planets much closer than 1 AU from their parent stars.Why is this surprising?

• A) These planets must have formed at larger radius where temperatures were cooler and then migrated inward.
• B) Jupiter-sized,rocky planets were thought to be uncommon in other solar systems.
• C) These planets must be the remnants of failed stars.
• D) Earth-like planets must be rarer than Jupiter-sized planets in other solar systems.

---

Definitions:

Marginal Cost

The change in total cost that arises when the quantity produced is incremented by one unit; essentially, the cost of producing one additional unit of a good.

Standby Customers

Customers who are available to purchase or subscribe to a service on an as-needed basis, often used in context with utilities or telecommunications.

Profit

The financial gain obtained when the revenue earned from business activities exceeds the expenses, costs, and taxes involved in sustaining the activity.

Economies of Scale

The cost advantage that arises with increased output of a product, leading to a reduction in the per-unit cost of production.