When the Sun, the Earth, and a Planet All Lie

question 8

Multiple Choice

When the Sun, the Earth, and a planet all lie along a straight line, the planet is at:

• A) quadrature
• B) opposition
• C) greatest elongation
• D) conjunction
• E) either opposition or conjunction

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Definitions:

Leon Festinger

A psychologist known for his theory of cognitive dissonance, which suggests that people experience discomfort when they hold contradictory beliefs, leading them to change their attitudes or behaviors.

Robert Zajonc

A psychologist known for his work on social facilitation, the mere exposure effect, and the interplay between affective and cognitive processes.

Ivan Pavlov

A Russian physiologist known for his work in classical conditioning, particularly his experiments with dogs, salivation, and the association of stimuli.

Mere Exposure Effect

A psychological phenomenon whereby individuals develop a preference for things merely because they are familiar with them.