A Researcher Knowingly and Willingly Falsifies His Data in Order

question 20

Multiple Choice

A researcher knowingly and willingly falsifies his data in order to improve the likelihood that his study will be published in a professional journal. Which ethical principle does this violate?

• A) trust
• B) justice
• C) fidelity and scientific integrity
• D) beneficence and nonmaleficence

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Definitions:

Individualist Culture

Individualist culture emphasizes personal achievements and independence, valuing individual rights above those of the group.

Self-serving Bias

A cognitive bias that involves attributing successes to internal factors and failures to external factors to maintain self-esteem.

Halo Effect

A cognitive bias in which an observer's overall impression of a person, company, brand, or product influences the observer's feelings and thoughts about that entity's character or properties.

Initial Attraction

The first phase of attraction towards someone, usually based on physical appearance, which can lead to interest or desire for a closer relationship.