Listening to a Message Then Summarizing It Back to the Sender

question 32

Multiple Choice

Listening to a message then summarizing it back to the sender for verification is known as

• A) paraphrasing.
• B) rewording.
• C) rephrasing.
• D) reflecting.

Identify strategies used to minimize the influence of confounding variables in research.

Understand the purpose of using control and experimental groups in research studies.

Distinguish between experimental and non-experimental research methods.

Recognize the importance of measuring variables appropriately to accurately analyze and interpret research findings.

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Definitions:

Hindsight Bias

A psychological phenomenon where people believe they could have predicted an event after it has already occurred.

Availability Heuristic

A mental shortcut that relies on immediate examples that come to a person's mind when evaluating a specific topic, concept, method, or decision.

Confirmation Biases

The habit of seeking out, understanding, preferring, and remembering information in a manner that reinforces one's already held beliefs or theories.

Self-Serving Bias

A cognitive bias that leads individuals to attribute their successes to internal factors and their failures to external factors, enhancing their self-esteem.