Answer the Following Questions

question 39

Multiple Choice

Answer the following questions :
-Equal Pay Act

• A)President Lyndon B.Johnson's domestic program,which included civil rights legislation,antipoverty programs,government subsidy of medical care,federal aid to education,consumer protection,and aid to the arts and humanities.
• B)1964 act that created a series of programs,including Head Start to prepare disadvantaged preschoolers for kindergarten and the Job Corps and Upward Bound to provide young people with training and employment,aimed at alleviating poverty and spurring economic growth in impoverished areas.
• C)A health plan for the elderly passed in 1965 and funded by a surcharge on Social Security payroll taxes.
• D)A health plan for the poor passed in 1965 and paid for by general tax revenues and administered by the states.
• E)Law that established the principle of equal pay for equal work.Trade union women were especially critical in pushing for,and winning,congressional passage of the law.
• F)The title of an influential book written in 1963 by Betty Friedan critiquing the ideal whereby women were encouraged to confine themselves to roles within the domestic sphere.
• G)Commission appointed by President Kennedy in 1961,which issued a 1963 report documenting job and educational discrimination.
• H)Women's civil rights organization formed in 1966.Initially,the organization focused on eliminating gender discrimination in public institutions and the workplace,but by the 1970s it also embraced many of the issues raised by more radical feminists.
• I)Resolution passed by Congress in 1964 in the wake of a naval confrontation in the body of water the resolution was named after between the United States and North Vietnam.It gave the president virtually unlimited authority in conducting the Vietnam War.The Senate terminated the resolution in 1970 following outrage over the U.S.invasion of Cambodia.
• J)Massive bombing campaign against North Vietnam authorized by President Johnson in 1965;against expectations,it ended up hardening the will of the North Vietnamese to continue fighting.
• K)An organization for social change founded by college students in 1960.
• L)A 1962 manifesto by Students for a Democratic Society from its first national convention in a town of the same name in Michigan,expressing students' disillusionment with the nation's consumer culture and the gulf between rich and poor,as well as a rejection of Cold War foreign policy,including the war in Vietnam.
• M)A term applied to radical students of the 1960s and 1970s,distinguishing their activism from the Old Left-the communists and socialists of the 1930s and 1940s,who tended to focus on economic and labor questions rather than cultural issues.
• N)The largest student political organization in the country,whose conservative members defended free enterprise and supported the war in Vietnam.
• O)Drafted by founding members of the Young Americans for Freedom (YAF),this manifesto outlined the group's principles and inspired young conservatives who would play important roles in the Reagan administration in the 1980s.
• P)A culture embracing values or lifestyles opposing those of the mainstream culture.Became synonymous with hippies,people who opposed and rejected conventional standards of society and advocated extreme liberalism in their sociopolitical attitudes and lifestyles.
• Q)Major campaign of attacks launched throughout South Vietnam in January 1968 by the North Vietnamese and Vietcong.A major turning point in the war,it exposed a credibility gap between official statements and the war's reality,and it shook Americans' confidence in the government.
• R)A 1968 convention held in Chicago during which numerous antiwar demonstrators outside the convention hall were tear-gassed and clubbed by police.Inside the convention hall,the delegates were bitterly divided over Vietnam.
• S)Group founded by activist Latinos to protest the Vietnam War.
• T)A new brand of feminism in the 1960s that attracted primarily younger,college-educated women fresh from the New Left,antiwar,and civil rights movements who sought to end to the denigration and exploitation of women.
• U)A law passed by Congress in 1972 that broadened the 1964 Civil Rights Act to include educational institutions,prohibiting colleges and universities that received federal funds from discriminating on the basis of sex.By requiring comparable funding for sports programs,this law made women's athletics a real presence on college campuses.
• V)A two-day riot by patrons of this establishment took place after the police raided the gay bar in New York's Greenwich Village in 1969;the event contributed to the rapid rise of a gay liberation movement.
• W)Term derived from the title of a book by Ben J.Wattenberg and Richard Scammon (called The Real Majority)and used by Nixon in a 1969 speech to describe those who supported his positions but did not publicly raise their voices,in contrast to those involved in the antiwar,civil rights,and women's movements.
• X)A new U.S.policy,devised under President Nixon in the early 1970s,of delegating the ground fighting to the South Vietnamese in the Vietnam War.American troop levels dropped and American casualties dropped correspondingly,but the killing in Vietnam continued.
• Y)The 1968 execution by U.S.Army troops of nearly five hundred people in this South Vietnamese village,including a large number of women and children.
• Z)The easing of conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Nixon administration,which was achieved by focusing on issues of common concern,such as arms control and trade.
• AA)The Supreme Court under Chief Justice Earl Warren (1953-1969),which expanded the Constitution's promise of equality and civil rights.It issued landmark decisions in the areas of civil rights,criminal rights,reproductive freedom,and separation of church and state.

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Definitions:

Marginal Productivity Theory

An economic theory stating that the amount of pay or wages a worker receives is directly related to their contribution to the output or productivity.

Income Disparities

The uneven distribution of income within a population, often leading to social and economic inequality.

Median Earnings

The middle value of earnings in a group, where half earn more and half earn less, often used as a standard of comparison.

Labor Market

The supply and demand for labor, where employers find employees and individuals find jobs.