To What Extent Was Spain the Most Powerful Country in Europe

question 17

Essay

To what extent was Spain the most powerful country in Europe during the sixteenth century?

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Definitions:

Variable-Ratio

A reinforcement schedule in which a response is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses, leading to high and steady response rates.

Latent Learning

Learning that occurs without reinforcement but is not demonstrated until there is an incentive to perform.

Shaping

A method of training by which successive approximations toward a target behavior are reinforced, used especially in behavior therapy.

Law Of Effect

A principle in psychology that suggests behaviors are more likely to recur if followed by positive outcomes and less likely if followed by negative outcomes.