Which of the Following Statements Can Explain Why an Association

question 84

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements can explain why an association between Event A and Event B may not imply causality from A to B?

• A)​The observed association may be coincidental.
• B)​There may be a third variable that is responsible for causing both events.
• C)​Causality may run from Event B to Event A instead of in the opposite direction.
• D)​All of the above can explain why an association between Event A and Event B may not imply causality from A to B.