Exhibit 12

question 19

Multiple Choice

Exhibit 12.4 In the following table,likely voters' preferences of two candidates are cross-classified by gender. Refer to Exhibit 12.4.For the chi-square test of independence,the value of the test statistic is:

• A)2.34
• B)1.62
• C)3.25

---

Definitions:

Childhood Stage

The period of human development from infancy to puberty, characterized by physical, cognitive, and social growth.

Stage Theories Of Development

Theoretical perspectives which propose that development occurs in distinct and identifiable stages over a person's lifespan.

Specified Stages

Predetermined phases or periods within a process or development, often characterized by specific features or tasks.

Previous Stage

A prior phase or condition in a sequence or development process.