Exhibit 5-17

question 16

Multiple Choice

Exhibit 5-17.Suppose a baseball team has 14 players on the roster who are not members of the pitching staff.Of those 14 players,assume that 3 have recently taken a performance-enhancing drug.Suppose the league decides to randomly test five members of the team. Refer to Exhibit 5-17.What is the probability that at least one of the tested players is found to have taken a performance-enhancing drug?

• A)0.2308
• B)0.2473
• C)0.4945
• D)0.7692

---

Definitions:

Sampling Bias

A statistical bias that occurs when a sample is collected in such a way that some members of the intended population are less likely to be included than others, resulting in a non-representative sample.

Double Blind Procedure

A double-blind procedure is a research method in which both the participants and the researchers are unaware of who has been assigned to the control or experimental group, reducing bias.

Placebo Effect

A phenomenon wherein a patient's symptoms can improve after receiving a treatment with no therapeutic value, purely because of the individual's belief in the treatment's efficacy.

Experimenter Bias

A type of research bias where the expectations or preferences of the researcher influence the outcomes of the study.