Exhibit 4-1

question 9

Multiple Choice

Exhibit 4-1.Two hundred people were asked if they had read a book in the last month.The accompanying contingency table,cross-classified by age,is produced. Refer to Exhibit 4-1.The probability that a respondent is at least 30 years old is closest to ______.

• A)0.33
• B)0.46
• C)0.50
• D)0.65

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Definitions:

Carbon Tax

A fee imposed on the burning of carbon-based fuels, intended to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat climate change by making such fuels more expensive.

Crude Supply

Indicates the total quantity of crude oil available for refining or processing, coming from domestic production or imports.

Polluter Pays Principle

A principle in environmental policy that requires those who produce pollution to bear the costs of managing it to prevent damage to human health or the environment.

Advance Disposal Fees

Advance disposal fees are charges paid upfront by consumers for the future recycling or disposal of products, particularly those that are hazardous or difficult to dispose of.