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Consider a capital budgeting example with five projects from which to select.Let xi = 1 if project i is selected,0 if not,for i = 1,… ,5.Write the appropriate constraint(s)for each condition.Conditions are independent.
a.Choose no fewer than three projects.
b.If project 3 is chosen,project 4 must be chosen.
c.If project 1 is chosen,project 5 must not be chosen.
d.Projects cost 100,200,150,75,and 300,respectively.The budget is 450.
e.No more than two of projects 1,2,and 3 can be chosen.
Shape Constancy
The tendency to interpret the shape of an object as being constant, even when its shape changes on the retina.
Visual Angle
A measure of the size of an object's image on the retina, relative to the observer's distance from the object.
Pyramid
A geometric solid shape with a polygonal base and triangular sides that converge to a single point at the top; also used to describe hierarchical structures in sociological and ecological contexts.
Gestalt Theorists
Psychologists who emphasize that the whole of anything is greater than its parts, focusing on patterns and configurations in human perception.
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