Examlex
Risk analysis helps the decision maker recognize the difference between the expected value of a decision alternative and the payoff that may actually occur.
Common Resources
Resources that are not owned by anyone, cannot be easily limited, and are available for use by more than one person or group.
Public Goods
Goods that are non-excludable and non-rivalrous, meaning they can be consumed by one individual without preventing the consumption by others, and without leading to a decrease in available quantity.
Inefficient Allocation
When resources are not optimally distributed, leading to a situation where it is possible to improve at least one person's well-being without worsening any other's situation.
External Effects
Consequences of economic activities on unrelated third parties; can be positive (benefits) or negative (costs).
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