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Regarding the provision of a public utility like water,
Static Planning Budget
A budget for a specific amount of sales or production that does not change as volume changes.
Activity Variance
The difference between the planned activity and the actual activity in terms of costs or hours.
Flexible Budget
A budget that adjusts or flexes with changes in the volume or activity level, allowing better analysis and control of costs.
Actual Costs
The genuine expenses incurred in the production of goods or delivery of services, measured after they occur.
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