A Stack of Four Cards Contains Two Red Cards and Two

question 28

Multiple Choice

A stack of four cards contains two red cards and two black cards. I select two cards, one at a time, and do not replace the first card selected before selecting the second card. Consider the events: A = the first card selected is red.
B = the second card selected is red.
The events A and B are:

• A)independent.
• B)disjoint.
• C)conditionals.
• D)None of the answer options is correct.

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Definitions:

Reinforcement

A principle in behavior theory in which a behavior is strengthened or made more likely to occur in the future by consequences that follow it.

Secondary Reinforcer

A stimulus that gains its reinforcing capability through its association with a primary reinforcer, such as money or praise.

Disequilibrium Principle

A concept in learning and education suggesting that learning occurs when an individual encounters cognitive conflict or disequilibrium, prompting adaptation and new learning to restore balance.

High-Frequency Behavior

Behavior that occurs at a high rate or with great frequency, often requiring intervention or modification in behavioral studies.