It Is Unethical to Use Randomized Studies to Expose Humans

question 13

Multiple Choice

It is unethical to use randomized studies to expose humans to harmful substances. Observational studies, where we compare those exposed to those not exposed, are sometimes used in such situations. Which statement describes a possibly misleading finding from such a study?

• A)We can safely compare those exposed to those not exposed, as long as we have enough study subjects.
• B)We have to be concerned about lurking variables, which might lead us to erroneously conclude that the compound is causing the disease.
• C)If we do not carry out a randomized study, we can be sure that lurking variables will mislead us.
• D)On average, an observational study will provide us with the correct conclusion.

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Definitions:

Hawthorne Studies

A series of experiments on workplace productivity that highlighted the impact of social relations and worker satisfaction.

Worker Performance

The degree to which an employee accomplishes tasks and fulfills objectives efficiently and effectively, often evaluated against predetermined standards.

Maslow's Hierarchy

A theory in psychology proposed by Abraham Maslow, organizing human needs into a five-level pyramid, from basic physiological needs to self-actualization.

Physiological Needs

The basic, essential life needs such as food, water, and shelter that must be met in order for an individual to survive and function properly.