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Normative statements describe how the world is, while positive statements prescribe how the world should be.
Retained Earnings
The amount of net earnings not distributed to shareholders as dividends but reinvested in the business or kept as reserves.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
A component of shareholders' equity on the balance sheet, representing gains and losses not reflected in net income, such as foreign currency items, unrealized gains/losses on certain investments, and pension plan adjustments.
Retractable Preferred Shares
Preferred shares that give the holder the right to require the issuer to repurchase the shares at predetermined conditions.
Future Trading
The buying and selling of financial instruments or commodities for future delivery on a futures exchange.
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