Product Tampering and Extortion

question 21

Multiple Choice

Product tampering and extortion

• A) have had significant implications for product packaging, as well as for product liability.
• B) have been encouraged by an extreme interpretation of absolute liability.
• C) evolved out of delayed manifestation cases and, thereby, have similar resolutions.
• D) are unrelated to any of the above concepts.

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Definitions:

Extinction of Avoidance

The process through which an avoidance behavior is reduced or eliminated, typically by removing the negative reinforcement that maintained the behavior.

Extinction Trials

A process in classical conditioning where a conditioned stimulus is presented without the unconditioned stimulus, leading to a reduction in the conditioned response over time.

Aversive Stimulus

A stimulus that is unpleasant or noxious and that an organism seeks to avoid or escape.

Low-Probability Behavior

A behavior that is unlikely to be performed often, usually due to a lack of reinforcement or inherent appeal.