In ____ Research, the Same Individuals Are Studied at Different

question 2

Multiple Choice

 In ____ research, the same individuals are studied at different ages/stages of development.

• A) cross-sectional
• B) longitudinal
• C) between groups
• D) cohort

---

Definitions:

Unknown Parameters

Quantities in a statistical model that are not known a priori but are estimated from data.

P-values

The probability of observing a statistic as extreme as, or more extreme than, the statistic observed under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true.

Two-sided

Pertaining to hypothesis tests that consider deviations in both directions away from a specified null hypothesis.

One-sided

A term used in hypothesis testing to describe a test where the alternative hypothesis specifies a direction of the difference or effect.