Calculators in Elementary Schools Are Not Always Central to Mathematics

question 3

Multiple Choice

Calculators in elementary schools are not always central to mathematics instruction.All of the statements below are reasons that calculators will hinder students' learning their basic facts EXCEPT:

• A)Students should rely on mental mathematics.
• B)Students should rely of paper and pencil.
• C)Students should rely on problem solving strategies.
• D)Students should rely on using appropriate tools strategically.

---

Definitions:

Instrumental Conditioning

A training method whereby a behavior's intensity is altered through either positive reinforcement or negative punishment.

Startled

The act of experiencing a sudden, involuntary reaction to an unexpected event or stimulus, often involving physical movement.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired; a response which is at first elicited by the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone.

Instrumental Conditioning

A learning process in which behavior is modified by the consequences of the behavior, through reinforcement or punishment.