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Aquatic organisms are unable to tolerate low pH conditions mainly because acidic waters contain high concentrations of toxic
Human Subjects
Individuals who participate in research studies, whose rights and welfare are protected by ethical guidelines.
Psychological Damage
Emotional or mental injury caused by experiences of stress, trauma, or abuse that adversely affects an individual’s mental health and well-being.
Construct Validity
The degree to which a test measures what it claims, or purports, to be measuring. It is the degree to which the dependent measure assesses what it intends to assess or the manipulation of the independent variable manipulates what it intends to manipulate.
Independent Variable
In experimental research, the variable that is manipulated by the researcher to observe its effect on the dependent variable.
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