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It Was Long Thought That Cell Differentiation Was Irreversible,i

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It was long thought that cell differentiation was irreversible,i.e.,once a cell like a fibroblast,a white blood cell or a cartilage cell has differentiated,it could not revert to any other cell type.Surprisingly,this is not the case.Shinya Yamanaka and his colleagues have succeeded in reprogramming a fully differentiated mouse cell,specifically a type of connective tissue fibroblast,into a pluripotent stem cell.How was this stunning feat accomplished? How did they demonstrate that iPS cells were indeed pluripotent?


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Social Practice

A pattern of behavior that is regularly and repeatedly performed in a society, and thus, becomes a societal norm.

Diathesis-stress Model

The Diathesis-stress Model is a psychological theory that explains behavior as a predispositional vulnerability together with stress from life experiences.

Depressed State

A period of persistent sadness or low mood that significantly interferes with daily life and activities.

Trauma

A deeply distressing or disturbing experience, often resulting in psychological injury.

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