Two of the Units Used to Express Biological Effects of Radioactivity

question 2

Essay

Two of the units used to express biological effects of radioactivity are gray and rad.What are these units used to measure?

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Definitions:

Variable-ratio

A schedule of reinforcement where a response is rewarded after an unpredictable number of responses, making it a powerful maintenance strategy.

Conditioned Reinforcer

A stimulus that has acquired the capacity to strengthen desirable behavior through its association with a primary reinforcer.

Discriminative Stimulus

A specific stimulus in the presence of which a particular response is more likely to be reinforced, and in the absence of which a response is not likely to be reinforced.

Primary Reinforcer

An innately satisfying stimulus, such as food or warmth, that does not require learning to become desirable and motivates behavior.