Examlex
Evaluate the surface integral for the vector field , where S is the hemisphere with upward orientation.
Variance
A measure of the dispersion or spread of a set of data points around their mean value; it quantifies how much the data points differ from the mean.
Standard Deviation
An indicator of the range or spread of a collection of numbers, showing how far the values diverge from the average.
Observations
The collected data or individual points that have been observed or recorded for a particular study or analysis.
Mean
The mean, or average, of a series of numbers is obtained by dividing the sum of the numbers by how many numbers there are.
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