Water Movement Is Important in Urine Formation in the Kidneys

question 66

Multiple Choice

Water movement is important in urine formation in the kidneys. Urine is formed when the blood is filtered by the kidneys into kidney tubules. Three figures are presented here that relate to how the kidney tubules respond to the administration of the hormone vasopressin. The direction that water flows in these figures is from the kidney tubules back into the blood.
Figure A. Changes in permeability of tubules in the kidney in response to the hormone vasopressin (AVP) , which aids in osmoregulation.
Figure B. Density of aquaporins in kidney tubule cells before, during, and after administration of vasopressin.
Figure C. Permeability of tissues to water before, during, and after administration of vasopressin.
-Using the data from the graphs and what you know about membranes and metabolic pathways, predict which of the following is the likely reason why actions of aquaporins in a membrane can change so rapidly.

• A) The number of aquaporins in the membrane is constant, but the pores have to be activated.
• B) Aquaporins are inserted into the membrane as needed.
• C) Aquaporins are only in cells that need to be permeable to water.
• D) Aquaporins use ATP to pump water across the membrane, and their action is limited by the metabolic pathways that produce ATP.

---

Definitions:

Repeated Bus Delays

Recurrent instances where buses fail to arrive or leave at their scheduled times, causing inconvenience.

Etiology

The study of the causes or origins of diseases or abnormal conditions, determining how and why they occur.

Prognosis

A forecast of the probable course and outcome of a disease or situation.

Diagnosis

The identification of the nature and cause of an illness or problem through examination of the symptoms.