Diane Dodd's Experiments Using Fruit Flies Demonstrated That

question 11

Multiple Choice

Diane Dodd's experiments using fruit flies demonstrated that

• A) the evolution of reproductive barriers occurs much too slowly to produce measurable effects in the laboratory.
• B) new species can form in a single generation by the production of new reproductive structures.
• C) formation of a reproductive barrier between two populations is more likely if they experience and adapt to different environmental conditions.
• D) reproductive barriers usually are absolute: Either two populations are fully willing and able to interbreed, or they are strictly separated by a fully effective reproductive barrier.

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Definitions:

Ability-to-Pay Principle

A tax principle suggesting that taxes should be levied according to an individual or entity's capacity to pay, generally implying that those with higher incomes should pay more tax.

Proportional Income Tax

A tax system where the tax rate remains constant regardless of the amount of income, thus taxing all income levels at the same percentage.

Horizontal Equity

The principle that individuals or entities in similar financial situations should be treated equally by the tax system or other public policies.

Tax Burdens

The total amount of taxes imposed on an individual or business by a government entity.