The Evolution of Complex Multicellularity in Eukaryotes

question 2

Multiple Choice

The evolution of complex multicellularity in eukaryotes

• A) occurred only once, in the common ancestor of all eukaryotes.
• B) occurred only once, in the common ancestor of all multicellular eukaryotes.
• C) occurred only once, in the animal lineage.
• D) is not documented by the fossil record.
• E) occurred independently in several different eukaryotic lineages.

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Definitions:

Substantial Evidence

Evidence that is adequate to support a conclusion or justify a decision, often used in legal and regulatory contexts to indicate a reasonable level of proof.

Hindsight Bias

The tendency to believe, after an event has occurred, that one would have predicted or expected the outcome, often referred to as the "I-knew-it-all-along" phenomenon.

Self-fulfilling Prophesy

A prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true, by the very terms of the prophecy itself, due to positive feedback between belief and behavior.

Rationalization

A defense mechanism where logical, acceptable explanations are given for behaviors that are actually driven by subconscious motives.