The Following Questions Refer to Figure 27.1

question 63

Multiple Choice

The following questions refer to Figure 27.1.
In this eight-year experiment, 12 populations of E. coli, each begun from a single cell, were grown in low-glucose conditions for 20,000 generations. Each culture was introduced to fresh growth medium every 24 hours. Occasionally, samples were removed from the populations, and their fitness in low-glucose conditions was tested against that of members sampled from the ancestral (common ancestor) E. coli population.

Figure 27.1
-If the experimental population of E. coli lacks an F factor or F plasmid, and if bacteriophages are excluded from the bacterial cultures, then which of these is (are) means by which beneficial mutations might be transmitted horizontally to other E. coli cells?

• A) via sex pili
• B) via transduction
• C) via conjugation
• D) via transformation
• E) Two of the responses above are correct.

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Definitions:

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for stimulating "rest-and-digest" or "feed and breed" activities when the body is at rest, promoting calming and a return to maintenance functions.

Central Nervous System

This refers to the complex system comprised of the brain and spinal cord, acting as the primary control center for processing and sending out nerve signals throughout the body.

Endocrine System

A collection of glands that produce hormones which regulate metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood, among other things.

Plasticity

The brain’s special capacity for change.