The Following Questions Refer to the Evolutionary Tree in Figure

question 41

Multiple Choice

The following questions refer to the evolutionary tree in Figure 22.2.
The horizontal axis of the cladogram depicted below is a timeline that extends from 100,000 years ago to the present; the vertical axis represents nothing in particular. The labeled branch points on the tree (V-Z) represent various common ancestors. Let's say that only since 50,000 years ago has there been enough variation between the lineages depicted here to separate them into distinct species, and only the tips of the lineages on this tree represent distinct species.

Figure 22.2
-How many separate species, both extant and extinct, are depicted in this tree?

• A) two
• B) three
• C) four
• D) five
• E) six

---

Definitions:

Forgetful Acts

Incidents or occurrences where a person fails to remember a piece of information or perform a task, often due to distractions or memory lapses.

Representativeness Heuristic

A cognitive shortcut that involves making judgments based on how well something matches an existing prototype.

Confirmation Bias

The tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or hypotheses.

Surveillance Strategy

A plan or method for monitoring and observing individuals, groups, or data to gather information.