The Last Common Ancestor of All Bilaterians Is Thought to Have

question 15

Multiple Choice

The last common ancestor of all bilaterians is thought to have had four Hox genes (genes that regulate development of posterior-anterior axes and body segments) .Most extant cnidarians have two Hox genes,except Nematostella,which has three Hox genes.On the basis of these observations,some have proposed that the ancestral cnidarians were originally bilateral and,in stages,lost Hox genes from their genomes.If true,this would mean that

• A)Radiata should be a true clade.
• B)the radial symmetry of extant cnidarians is secondarily derived rather than being an ancestral trait.
• C)Hox genes play little actual role in coding for an animal's "body plan."
• D)Cnidaria may someday replace porifera as the basal bilaterians.
• E)Cnidarians are the basal metazoans.

Recognize the role of specific leadership traits in effective leadership.

Differentiate between transformational and transactional leadership.

Identify the cornerstones of effective leadership behavior.

Comprehend the importance of leadership behavior in managing teams.

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Definitions:

Epi-

Refers to being above, over, or on top of something, often used as a prefix in medical and biological terms to denote a higher position or an outer layer.

Tachy-

A prefix meaning "fast" or "swift," used in medical terminology to denote an abnormally rapid state, such as in "tachycardia" for rapid heartbeat.

Pan-

A prefix meaning "all" or "every," indicating inclusiveness or a wide scope in various fields.

Myocarditis

Inflammation of the heart muscle, often due to viral infections, leading to heart dysfunction.