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The Brazil nut tree, Bertholletia excels (n = 17) , is native to tropical rain forests of South America. It is a hardwood tree that can grow to over 50 meters tall, is a source of high-quality lumber, and is a favorite nesting site for harpy eagles. As the rainy season ends, tough-walled fruits, each containing 8-25 seeds (Brazil nuts) , fall to the forest floor. Brazil nuts are composed primarily of endosperm. About $50 million worth of nuts are harvested each year. Scientists have discovered that the pale yellow flowers of Brazil nut trees cannot fertilize themselves and admit only female orchid bees as pollinators. The agouti (Dasyprocta spp.) , a cat-sized rodent, is the only animal with teeth strong enough to crack the hard wall of Brazil nut fruits. It typically eats some of the seeds, buries others, and leaves still others inside the fruit, which moisture can then enter. The uneaten seeds may subsequently germinate.
-The harpy eagle, Harpia harpyja, is the largest, most powerful raptor in the Americas. It nests only in trees taller than 25 meters. It is a "sloth specialist," but will also kill agouti. Thus, if these eagles capture too many agoutis from a particular locale, they might contribute to their own demise by
Gene
A unit of heredity made up of DNA that is passed from parents to offspring and determines some characteristic of the offspring.
Fraternal Twins
Twins formed from the fertilization of two separate eggs by two different sperm cells, resulting in genetically distinct individuals.
Monozygotic
Refers to twins that are genetically identical, resulting from a single fertilized egg splitting into two.
Identical Twins
Twins who are genetically identical, having developed from a single fertilized egg that split into two, sharing the same DNA.
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