Pax-6 Usually Causes the Production of a Type of Light-Receptor

question 21

Multiple Choice

Pax-6 usually causes the production of a type of light-receptor pigment. In vertebrate eyes, though, a different gene (the rh gene family) is responsible for the light-receptor pigments of the retina. The rh gene, like Pax-6, is ancient. In the marine ragworm, for example, the rh gene causes production of c-opsin, which helps regulate the worm's biological clock. Which of these most likely accounts for vertebrate vision?

• A) The Pax-6 gene mutated to become the rh gene among early mammals.
• B) During vertebrate evolution, the rh gene for biological clock opsin was co-opted as a gene for visual receptor pigments.
• C) In animals more ancient than ragworms, the rh gene(s) coded for visual receptor pigments; in lineages more recent than ragworms, rh has flip-flopped several times between producing biological clock opsins and visual receptor pigments.
• D) Pax-6 was lost from the mammalian genome, and replaced by the rh gene much later.

Comprehend how option time value and intrinsic value contribute to option pricing.

Identify different types of trade restrictions and their implications.

Recognize the motives and outcomes of free trade agreements.

Distinguish between the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the World Trade Organization (WTO).

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Definitions:

Solidarity Theory

A theory in sociology that emphasizes the importance of shared values, interests, and objectives in creating a sense of unity and support within a group or society.

Demographic Transition Theory

Explains how changes in fertility and mortality affected population growth from preindustrial to postindustrial times.

Preindustrial

Refers to societies or economies that exist before the development of industrialization, characterized by agricultural, handicraft, and manual labor-based systems.

Early Industrial

Referring to the period or stage of development where societies transition from agrarian to industrial economic activities.