Please Use the Following Information to Answer the Question(s) Below

question 46

Multiple Choice

Please use the following information to answer the question(s) below.
In the ocean, on either side of the Isthmus of Panama, are 30 species of snapping shrimp; some are shallow-water species, and others are adapted to deep water. There are 15 species on the Pacific side and 15 different species on the Atlantic side. The Isthmus of Panama started rising about 10 million years ago.
In Figure 22.1, the isthmus separates the Pacific Ocean on the left (side A) from the Atlantic Ocean on the right (side B) . The seawater on either side of the isthmus is separated into five depth habitats (1-5) , with 1 being the shallowest. Figure 22.1
-In a hypothetical situation, the National Park Service, which administers Grand Canyon National Park in Arizona, builds a footbridge over the Colorado River at the bottom of the canyon. The footbridge permits migration to occur between populations of two closely related antelope squirrels. Previously, one type of squirrel had been restricted to the terrain south of the river, and the other type had been restricted to terrain on the north side of the river. Immediately before and 10 years after the bridge's completion, researchers collected 10 antelope squirrels from both sides of the river, took blood samples, and collected frequencies of alleles unique to the two types of antelope squirrels (see the graphs in Figures 22.2 and 22.3) . Figure 22.2
Figure 22.3
The data in these graphs indicate that

• A) a hybrid zone was established after the completion of the bridge.
• B) there was no migration between the two squirrel populations after the bridge was completed.
• C) gene flow occurred from one type of squirrel into the gene pool of the other type of squirrel.
• D) two-way migration of squirrels occurred across the bridge, but without hybridization.
• E) some northern squirrels migrated south, but no southern squirrels migrated north across the bridge.

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Definitions:

Budget Shortage

A financial situation in which an entity’s expenditures exceed its revenues over a particular period of time, leading to a deficit that must be addressed by borrowing, spending cuts, or tax increases.

Market Wage

The prevailing rate of pay for work or labor, determined by the supply and demand for labor in the job market.

Transitive Preferences

In decision-making, the condition where if an individual prefers option A to option B and option B to option C, then they also prefer option A to option C.

Majority Rule

A decision-making rule in which the preferences of more than half of the members in a group have authority over decisions.